Ophthalmology is a specialized branch of medicine focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and conditions related to the eyes and visual system. Ophthalmologists are medical doctors who are trained to provide both medical and surgical care for eye problems, ranging from common issues like nearsightedness and cataracts to complex conditions such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal detachment.

In addition to treating eye diseases, ophthalmologists also play a key role in identifying systemic health problems that can affect vision, such as diabetes and hypertension. Their work involves comprehensive eye exams, vision correction through glasses or contact lenses, laser treatments, and intricate surgeries. With advancing technology, ophthalmology continues to evolve, offering more precise diagnostics and less invasive procedures to help preserve and restore sight.